Tennis Elbow & Golfer’s Elbow
What are Tennis Elbow and Golfer’s Elbow?
Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis) and Golfer’s Elbow (Medial Epicondylitis) are common overuse conditions that cause pain around the elbow joint.
- Tennis Elbow affects the tendons on the outside of the elbow, usually from repetitive wrist extension or gripping activities.
- Golfer’s Elbow affects the tendons on the inside of the elbow, typically from repeated wrist flexion or forearm rotation.
Despite their names, these conditions can affect anyone—not just athletes—and are frequently seen in tradespeople, office workers, and those involved in repetitive hand or arm movements.
Anatomy & Causes
Both conditions occur due to micro-tears and degeneration of the forearm tendons where they attach to the bony prominence of the elbow (the lateral or medial epicondyle). Contributing factors include:
- Repetitive gripping, twisting, or lifting
- Poor technique in sports or work activities
- Age-related changes in tendon quality
- Sudden increases in activity levels
Common Symptoms
Tennis Elbow:
- Pain or burning on the outside of the elbow
- Pain worsens with gripping, lifting, or shaking hands
- Weakness in grip strength
Golfer’s Elbow:
- Pain or tenderness on the inside of the elbow
- Pain increases with wrist flexion, forearm rotation, or gripping
- Stiffness or weakness in the hand and wrist
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is usually clinical, based on history and physical examination. In some cases, ultrasound or MRI may be used to confirm the diagnosis or rule out other causes of elbow pain.
Treatment Options
Non-Surgical Management
- Rest and activity modification
- Physiotherapy and stretching exercises to improve tendon healing
- Bracing or strapping around the forearm to reduce tendon strain
- Anti-inflammatory medications or topical gels
- Corticosteroid or platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections for persistent cases
Surgical Treatment
If symptoms persist despite prolonged non-surgical management, surgery may be considered. Surgical options include:
- Tendon release or debridement of damaged tissue
- Repair or reattachment of the tendon to bone
These procedures are usually performed as day surgery and often lead to significant improvement in pain and function.
Post-Surgery Care
- Early gentle movement is encouraged
- Strengthening exercises and physiotherapy typically start a few weeks after surgery
- Most patients return to normal activities within 6–12 weeks
Risks & Outcomes
Both Tennis Elbow and Golfer’s Elbow have a high success rate with conservative care. Surgery, if required, also achieves excellent outcomes. Risks may include:
- Persistent discomfort or stiffness
- Scar tenderness
- Rarely, recurrence of symptoms
Need More Information?
If you are experiencing elbow pain, weakness, or difficulty with daily activities, our team of specialists at Orthopaedics WA can provide expert diagnosis and treatment. Please contact us to arrange a consultation.
